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COMPUTER
AND INFORMATION SECURITY
When the term computer
security is used, it specifically refers to the security of
one computer, although the overall security of each individual
computer is required for network security. When the term
network security is used, it refers to the security of the
network in general. This includes such issues as password
security, network sniffing, intrusion detection, firewalls,
network structure and so forth.
Security
Violation Definition
Computer or network security has been violated when
unauthorized access by any party occurs.
Why
Security?
Computer security is
required because most organizations can be damaged by
hostile software or intruders. There may be several
forms of damage which are obviously interrelated.
These include:
- Damage or
destruction of computer systems.
- Damage or
destruction of internal data.
- Loss of sensitive
information to hostile parties.
- Use of sensitive
information to steal items of monetary value.
- Use of sensitive
information against the organization's customers
which may result in legal action by customers
against the organization and loss of customers.
- Damage to the
reputation of an organization.
- Monitary damage
due to loss of sensitive information, destruction
of data, hostile use of sensitie data, or damage
to the organization's reputation.
The methods used to
accomplish these unscrupulous objectives are many and
varied depending on the circumstances. This guide will
help administrators understand some of these methods
and explain some countermeasures.
Security
Issues
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Computer security can be very
complex and may be very confusing to many people. It can even
be a controversial subject. Network administrators like to
believe that their network is secure and those who break into
networks may like to believe that they can break into any
network. I believe that overconfidence plays an important role
in allowing networks to be intruded upon. There are many
fallacies that network administrators may fall victim to.
These fallacies may allow administrators to wrongfully believe
that their network is more secure than it really is.
This guide will attempt to
clarify many issues related to security by doing the
following:
- Help you determine what
you are protecting.
- Break computer security
into categories.
- Explain security terms and
methods.
- Point out some common
fallacies that may allow administrators to be
overconfident.
- Categorize many common
attacks against networks and computers.
- Explain some attack
methods.
- Describe tools that can be
used to help make a network more secure.
Some Terms
This paragraph describes some commonly used computer
security terms.
- Protocol
- Well defined specification allowing computer
communication.
- Confidentiality
- Information is available only to people with rightful
access.
- Integrity
- Information can only be changed by authorized personnel.
Integrity - The receiver of the message should be able to
tell the message was not modified. Requires key exchange.
- Availability
- Information is available to only those who need it.
- Verification -
nonrepudiation - There is proof that the sender
sent the message
- Authentification
- The receiver of the message should be able to be sure of
the origin of the message. Requires a digital signature
(One way hash, public key algorithm, and symmetric
algorithm) or a public key algorithm.
- Spyware
- A computer program whose purpose is to spy on your
internet activities usually for marketing purposes and
usually done by a shady corporate entity.
- Malware
- A computer program with some evil intent. It may on the
surface have a good or useful intent, but may be a trojan
(with a hidden purpose) which can be used to gain
unauthorized access to your computer.
Related Topics on Computer and
Information security
- Software
Vulnerability Control
- Firewall Protection
- Network
Intrusion Detection
- Network Port
Scanning
- Network Tools
passwords
- Types of attacks
- Application
Level Protection
- Systems Protection
- Mail and Security
- Hostile Software
For more topics and tutorials visit -
http://www.comptechdoc.org
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